AES3 |
Official term for the audio standard referred to often as AES/EBU |
AES67 |
A technical standard for audio over IP and audio over Ethernet (AoE) interoperability developed by the AES. It is a layer 3 protocol suite facilitating interoperability between IP-based audio networking systems such as WheatNet-IP, RAVENNA, Livewire+, and Dante. |
AES/EBU |
Digital audio standard used to carry digital audio signals between devices |
CCC |
Cloud Codec Controller |
CSRF |
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is an attack that forces a user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they are currently authenticated. |
Destinations |
An AoIP Destination in the codec is an AES67 stream received by the codec from an AES67 LAN. |
DNS |
The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to assign domain names to IP addresses over the World-Wide Web |
Domain |
A group of computers or devices on a network which are administered with common rules and procedures. Devices sharing a common part of the IP address are said to be in the same domain |
DSCP |
The Differentiated Services Code Point or Diffserv Value is a field in an IP packet header for prioritizing data when traversing IP networks. This is often used in AES67 streaming. |
Ember+ |
An open standard control protocol developed by Lawo which allows a third party application to gain access to device parameters. |
Failover |
Method of switching to an alternative backup Audio Stream if the primary connection is lost. |
GUI |
Graphical User Interface |
IFB |
Interrupted Foldback/Interruptible Foldback: an intercom circuit consisting of a mix-minus program feed sent to talent, which can be interrupted and replaced by a producer's or director's intercom microphone |
IGMP |
A communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to establish multicast group memberships to IPv4 routers. |
IGMP snooping |
The process of listening to IGMP network traffic for delivery of IP multicasts. Network switches with IGMP snooping maintain a map of which links need which IP multicast transmission. Multicasts may be filtered to conserve bandwidth on links. |
ISP |
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are companies that offer customers access to the internet |
IP |
Internet Protocol; used for sending data across packet-switched networks |
IPv4 |
Internet Protocol version 4 is the most widely deployed version of the protocol and is widely used on the Internet and on local area networks |
IPv6 |
Internet Protocol version 6 is the most recent revision of the Internet Protocol and is intended to replace IPv4 eventually. |
LAN |
Local Area Network; a group of computers and associated devices sharing a common communications link |
Latency |
Delay associated with IP networks and caused by algorithmic, transport and buffering delays |
LIO |
Logic Input/Output |
MIB |
A management information base (MIB) is a database used for managing the entities in a communications network. This term is associated with the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). |
Multicast |
Efficient one to many streaming of IP audio using multicast IP addressing. |
Multi-unicast |
A multi-unicast program (also known as multiple unicast) can transmit a single audio stream with common connection settings to a number of different destinations. |
NAT |
Network Address Translation is a system for forwarding data packets to different private IP network addresses that reside behind a single public IP address. |
NMOS |
Networked Media Open Specifications (NMOS) delivering Discovery and Registration to ensure that parts of a networked media system can find each other. NMOS also provides connection management and audio channel mapping to device I/O channels. |
Packet |
A formatted unit of data carried over packet-switched networks. |
PAT |
Port Address Translation is related to NAT; a feature of a network device that allows IP packets to be routed to specific ports of devices communicating between public and private IP networks |
POTS |
Plain old telephone system: copper phone network infrastructure |
Primary Leader Clock |
The primary source of synchronization for clock distribution via PTP. |
PSTN |
Public switched telephone network which is another term for POTS (see previous) |
PSU |
Power Supply Unit |
PTP |
The general class clock distribution protocol standardized in IEEE 1588-2002, IEEE 1588-2008 and IEEE 802.1AS-2011. PTP syncing requires a leader clock source (often an installed PTP primary leader clocking device) with clocking replicated on synced devices. |
QoS (Quality of Service) |
Priority given to different users or data flows across managed IP networks. This generally requires a Service Level Agreement (SLA) with a Telco or ISP to use over WANs. |
RTP |
A standardized packet format using UDP/IP networking for sending audio and video data streams and ensures consistency in the delivery order of voice data packets. |
RTP stream |
An RTP stream is a sequence of RTP packets with media data sent at regular interval. A stream may contain multiple channels. There may be multiple media streams per RTP session. |
Runtime (edits) |
Configuration changes which have not yet been saved, e.g. Matrix Editor edits. |
SAP |
SAP (Session Announcement Protocol) is used to distribute SDP descriptions to receivers, enabling simplified connection management for multicast streaming. |
SDP |
SDP defines the type of audio coding used within an RTP media stream. It works with a number of other protocols to establishes a device’s location, determines its availability, negotiates call features and participants and adjusts session management features |
SIP |
SIP is a common protocol which works with a myriad of other protocols to establish connections with other devices to provide interoperability |
SIP URI |
A SIP URI is a URI used by SIP to identify user agents. SIP URI take the form sip:<user>@<domain> or sips:<user>@<domain>. |
SLA |
Service Level Agreements (SLAs) a contractual agreement between an ISP and a customer defining expected performance levels over a network |
SmartStream PLUS |
Tieline implementation of redundant IP streaming. |
SNMP |
Simple Network Management Protocol: Simple Network Management Protocol: a protocol used mostly in network management systems to monitor devices for conditions that warrant administrative attention. |
Sources |
An AoIP source in the codec is an AES67 stream sent by the codec to an AES67 LAN. |
SSL |
Secure Sockets Layer is a security protocol for establishing encrypted links between a web server and a browser for online communication |
STL |
Studio-to-transmitter link for program audio feeds |
STS |
Studio-to-studio audio link |
STUN |
The STUN protocol (Simple Traversal of UDP through NATs) assists devices behind a NAT firewall or router with packet routing. A STUN client generates STUN requests and a STUN server, attached to the public internet, receives STUN requests and sends responses. |
TCP |
TCP protocol ensures reliable in-order delivery of data packets between a sender and a receiver |
TieLink |
Traversal Server used to add Tieline codecs to a TieServer Domain and centralize codec contact list management, by providing self-discovery of codecs within call-groups, and NAT traversal to simplify connections. |
TieServer |
Centralized servers providing domain management facilities for Tieline applications including the TieServer Console, Cloud Codec Controller and TieLink Traversal Server. |
TieServer Domain |
A high-level group, associated with a particular broadcaster/customer, that is used to securely demarcate their Tieline assets from other broadcasters/customers. It applies to usage and management of Tieline codecs and Report-IT users when using Tieline applications including the TieServer Console, Cloud Codec Controller and TieLink Traversal Server. |
TLS |
Transport Layer Security is an updated version of SSL. |
TTL |
Time-to-Live is the setting used in muliticast servers to ensure data packets have a finite life and don't cause congestion over networks. Each time a packet passes through a router it reduces by 1 until it reaches zero, at which point a router will no longer pass the packet. |
UDP |
User Datagram Protocol: the most commonly used protocol for sending internet audio and video streams. UDP packets include information which allows them to travel independently of previous or future packets in a data stream |
Unicast |
Broadcasting of a single stream of data between two points |
VLAN |
Virtual Local Area Network: partitioning of a single layer-2 network to create multiple distinct broadcast domains |
WAN |
Wide Area Network; a computer network spanning regions and/or countries to connect separate LANs |
WheatNet-IP |
Network system using Internet Protocol to enable audio to be intelligently distributed to devices across scalable networks |
